| 摘要: |
| 菌株 55R 是从腐烂有柄灵芝 Ganoderma gibbosum 组织中分离获得的一株能拮抗木腐菌的拮抗
真菌。 为明确拮抗菌株 55R 对木腐菌的抑制作用、 分类地位以及生物学特性, 采用平板两点对峙培养,
探究了菌株 55R 的抑菌潜能, 基于形态学、 ITS+nLSU+nuc-SSU 序列分析方法明确菌株 55R 的分类地位,
并采用生长速率法测定了该菌株最适生长培养基、 碳源、 氮源、 温度、 pH 值等生物学特性。 对峙结果显
示, 在 PDA 培养基 30 ℃ 暗培养对峙 7 d, 菌株 55R 对印度黄褐层孔菌 Fulvifomes indicus、 四川灵芝
G. sichuanense、 有柄灵芝 G. gibbosum、 平丝变色卧孔菌 Physisporinus lineatus、 重伞灵芝 G. multipileum 和
红贝 俄 氏 孔 菌 Earliella scabrosa 的 抑 制 率 分 别 为 54. 68%、 42. 35%、 37. 25%、 36. 62%、 35. 12% 和
25. 54%, 表明菌株 55R 对 6 株木腐菌具有抑制作用。 菌株 55R 分生孢子器球形至扁球形, 有刚毛, 联合
基因系统发育树表明菌株 55R 与刺孢壳叶斑菌聚成一个分支, 该菌株鉴定为刺孢壳叶斑菌 Chaetomella
raphigera。 生物学特性测定结果显示, SDA 和 MEA 的菌落直径显著大于其他培养基 (P<0. 05), 为菌株
55R 最适培养基; 可溶性淀粉的菌落直径显著大于其他碳源 (P<0. 05), 为最适碳源; 最适氮源为蛋白
胨, 尿素为氮源时菌丝不生长; 最适温度为 25 ℃, 低于 5 ℃和高于 40 ℃时菌丝完全停止生长; 该菌株能
耐受较广的酸碱度范围, 在 pH4. 5~7. 5 范围内均生长良好, 最适 pH 为 4. 5 和 5. 0。 研究表明, 菌株 55R
具有潜在的生防价值, 可为木腐菌生防菌剂的研发提供新的菌种资源。 |
| 关键词: 木腐菌 刺孢壳叶斑菌 鉴定 生物学特性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广州市林业和园林局科技项目 (JYYB-202208-03)。 |
|
| Identification and Biological Characteristics of An Antagonistic Fungal Strain Against Wood Decay Fungi |
|
SUN LONGHUA, ZHANG Jingai, DENG Jiaru
|
|
Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Science-tech of Ecology and Landscape
|
| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to clarify the inhibitory effect, taxonomic status, and biological characteristics
of antagonistic strain 55R, which was isolated from decaying Ganoderma gibbosum tissue. Its antagonistic potential was investigated using dual culture assays. The taxonomic status of strain 55R was determined based on
morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, nLSU, and nuc-SSU sequence data.
The growth rate method was employed to determine its biological characteristics, including the optimal medium, carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, and pH. The dual culture results showed that after 7 days of dual
culture on PDA medium at 30 ℃ in the dark, strain 55R exhibited inhibition rates of 54. 68%, 42. 35%,
37. 25%, 36. 62%, 35. 12%, and 25. 54% against F. indicus, G. sichuanense, G. gibbosum, Physisporinus
lineatus, G. multipileum, and Earliella scabrosa, respectively. This indicated that strain 55R inhibited the
growth of all six tested wood-decay fungi. Strain 55R produced spherical to pyriform pycnidia with setae. In the
multi-gene phylogenetic tree, strain 55R clustered within a clade with Chaetomella raphigera. Therefore, the
strain was identified as C. raphigera. The results on biological characteristics showed that the colony diameters on
SDA and MEA were significantly larger than those on other media (P<0. 05), identifying them as the optimal
media. Soluble starch was the optimal carbon source, resulting in a significantly larger colony diameter (P<
0. 05). Peptone was the optimal nitrogen source, whereas no mycelial growth occurred with urea as the nitrogen
source. The optimal growth temperature was 25 ℃; mycelial growth completely ceased at temperatures below
5 ℃ and above 40 ℃. The strain tolerated a wide pH range, growing well between pH 4. 5 and 7. 5, with optimal growth at pH 4. 5 and 5. 0. In conclusion, strain 55R has potential biocontrol value and could serve as a
new microbial resource for developing biocontrol agents against wood decay fungi. |
| Key words: wood decay fungi Chaetomella raphigera identification biological characteristics |
