| 摘要: |
| 广州南沙湿地作为重要的生态系统, 具备丰富的生物多样性, 尤其是鸟类多样性在该区域具
有重要的保护意义。 该研究旨在通过长期监测和数据分析, 探讨南沙湿地重点保护鸟类物种多样性的动
态变化, 为未来的鸟类保护及其栖息地管理、 修复工作提供指导。 2014 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月, 对广州市
南沙湿地公园的鸟类多样性进行月度监测, 共记录到鸟类 139 种隶属于 15 目 38 科, 以非雀形目为主。 参
考 2021 年最新发布的 《国家重点保护野生动物名录》 和 《广东省重点保护陆生野生动物名录》, 记录到
的鸟类共包含重点保护鸟类 32 种, 隶属 6 目 7 科 10 属, 其中国家一级重点保护鸟类 1 种, 国家二级重点
保护鸟类 11 种, 广东省重点保护物种 1 目 1 科 15 属 20 种。 重点保护鸟类中, 国家一级重点保护鸟类黑
脸琵鹭 Platalea minor 的数量从 15 只上升至 115 只, 国家二级保护鸟类褐翅鸦鹃 Centropus sinensis 是数量
最多的保护鸟类, 而水雉 Hydrophasianus chirurgus 数量的下降则需要进一步的关注。 广东省重点保护鸟
类则以鹭科、 反嘴鹬科和鸥科为主。 结果表明, 南沙湿地的鸟类多样性明显增加, 但重点保护鸟类数有
一定的下降趋势; “明星” 物种的存在可能影响湿地的管理策略, 一些濒危物种会因为 “明星” 物种的存
在而长期缺乏应有的关注。 因此, 管理策略应在平衡 “明星” 物种和其他濒危物种的保护需求方面进行
调整, 以确保整个生态系统的健康和多样性。 |
| 关键词: 南沙湿地公园 重点保护野生动物 广东省重点保护野生动物 物种多样性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省科技林业创新项目 (2023KJCX028), 生物多样性专项 (2022GDASZH-2022010105), 广东省科学院发展专项资 金项目 (2021GDASYL-20210103056), 广东省科学院科技发展专项 (2022GDASZH-2022010106) |
|
| Dynamic Analysis of Species Diversity of the Key Protected Birds in Nasha Weiland Park in Guangzhou |
|
DENG shiquan1, YU Dongmei2, LIU Yuanzhihong2, LI Aiying2, HUANG Yuanxin3
|
|
1.Guangdong Forestry Survey and Planning Institute,Guangzho;2.Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences;3.Guangdong Key Laboratory of animal protection and resource utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of wildlife protection and utilization
|
| Abstract: |
| As an important ecosystem, Guangzhou Nansha Wetland is rich in biodiversity, especially bird
diversity, which is of great conservation significance in the region. This study aims to explore the dynamic changes in the diversity of key protected bird species in the Nansha Wetland through long-term monitoring and
data analysis, in order to guide for the bird protection, habitat management, and restoration work in the future.
From January 2014 to December 2018, the research team conducted monthly monitoring of bird diversity in Nansha Wetland Park in Guangzhou. A total of 139 species of birds belonging to 15 orders and 38 families were recorded, mainly non-passerine orders. Referring to the latest “List of National Key Protected Wild Animals”
and “Guangdong Province Key Protected Terrestrial Wild Animals List” released in 2021, the recorded birds include a total of 32 species of key protected birds, belonging to 6 orders, 7 families and 10 genera, including 1
species of national first-level key protected birds, 11 species of national second-level key protected birds, and
1 order, 1 family, 15 genera and 20 species of key protected species in Guangdong province. Among the key
protected birds, the number of Platalea minor, a national first-level protected bird, has increased from 15 to
115. The Centropus sinensis, a national second - level protected bird, is the most abundant protected bird,
while the decline in the number of Hydrophasianus chirurgus requires further attention. The key protected birds
in Guangdong province are mainly Ardeidae, Recurvirostridae and Laridae. Research results show that the bird
diversity in Nansha Wetland has increased significantly, but the number of key protected birds has a certain
downward trend. The existence of “star” species may affect the management strategy of the Wetland, because
of which some other endangered species will lack due attention for a long time. We therefore recommend that
the management strategies of the Wetland should be tailored to balance the conservation needs of “star” species
and other endangered species to ensure the health and diversity of the entire wetland ecosystem. |
| Key words: Nansha Wetland Park List of Wildlife under State Key Protection List of land wildlife under special protection of Guangdong Province Diversity of species |
