| 摘要: |
| 为提高钟花樱 Prunus campanulata 的繁殖系数, 更好地保护和利用野生钟花樱种质资源, 以钟
花樱实生苗为砧木, 野生钟花樱优株为接穗, 研究嫁接时间、 嫁接方法、 砧木大小对嫁接成活率及嫁接
苗生长的影响。 结果表明, 野生钟花樱在广东梅州以冬季 1 月中旬嫁接最为适宜, 嫁接成活率达 93. 33%,
显著高于其他嫁接时间 (P<0. 05)。 嫁接方法会对嫁接成活率以及嫁接苗的苗高和地径产生显著影响 (P<
0. 05), 采用切接法或切腹接法的嫁接成活率较高, 分别达到 91. 33%和 93. 33%, 优于劈接和嵌芽接的
73. 15%和 82. 67%; 嫁接苗的生长亦以切接苗或切腹接苗表现较好, 平均苗高分别达到 166. 27 cm 和
170. 05 cm, 平均地径分别为 18. 38、 18. 04 mm; 嵌芽接苗的生长表现最差, 苗高仅为 118. 56 cm, 地径
仅为 13. 76 mm。 砧木地径大小对钟花樱嫁接成活率、 嫁接苗苗高和嫁接苗地径产生显著影响 (P<0. 05)。
地径>1. 0 cm 的砧木嫁接成活率显著高于地径<1. 0 cm 砧木; 相关性分析显示砧木地径与嫁接苗苗高、 嫁
接苗地径具有极显著正相关关系, 砧木地径越大, 嫁接苗的苗高、 地径生长越好, 建议生产中, 应选用
地径>1. 0 cm 的 1 年生实生苗作为砧木。 |
| 关键词: 钟花樱 嫁接 繁育 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央林业科技推广示范项目 ( 〔2023〕 GDTK-08 号), 广东省林业科技创新项目 (2016KJCX024、 2018KJCX039)。 |
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| Research on Grafting Breeding of Wild Prunus campanulata |
|
WANG Yunchang1, XIE Jinlan2, XIAO Laxing2, FAN Jianming2, LIn Jun1, HUANG Jinrong2, LUO Wanye2, CHEN Xinqiang2
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1.Meizhou State owned Zhourui Forest Farm;2.Forestry Research Institute, Meizhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center (Meizhou) for the Development and Use of the Forest Characteristic Resources
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| Abstract: |
| To improve the reproductive coefficient of Prunus campanulata and better protect and utilize
wild germplasm
the
resources of P. campanulata, the effects of grafting time, grafting method, and rootstock size
on the grafting survival rate and growth of grafted seedlings were studied by using P. campanulata seedlings as
rootstocks and wild P. campanulata superior plants as scions. The results showed the most suitable grafting time
was mid-January in Meizhou, Guangdong, and the grafting survival rate was 93. 33%, which was significantly
higher than other grafting times (P<0. 05). The grafting method significantly affected the grafting survival rate
as well as the seedling height and ground diameter of grafted seedlings (P<0. 05). The survival rate of grafting by cutting or side-scion grafting was higher, reaching 91. 33% and 93. 33%, respectively, which was better
than 73. 15% and 82. 67% of split grafting and bud grafting. The grafting seedlings of the cut grafting method or
the side-scion grafting method showed better growth performance, with an average seedling height of 166. 27
cm and 170. 05 cm, and an average ground diameter of 18. 38 mm and 18. 04 mm, respectively. The growth
performance of grafted seedlings with embedded buds is the worst, with a seedling height of only 118. 56 cm and
a ground diameter of only 13. 76 mm. The diameter of the rootstock had a significant effect on the grafting survival rate and the growth of grafted seedlings of P. campanulata (P<0. 05). The survival rate of rootstocks
with a ground diameter>1. 0 cm was significantly higher than that of rootstocks with a ground diameter<1. 0 cm.
The correlation analysis showed that rootstock diameter had a highly significant positive correlation with grafted
seedling height and diameter. The larger the ground diameter of the rootstock, the better the growth of the
height and ground diameter of the grafted seedlings. It is suggested that the 1-year-old seedlings with ground
diameter>1. 0 cm should be selected as rootstocks in production. |
| Key words: Cerasus campanulata grafting breeding |
