| 摘要: |
| 以广州主要城市公园鸟类群落为研究对象，从中国观鸟记录中心获取 2017—2021 年间广州市
主要城市公园的鸟类观测数据，采用单因素方差分析、聚类分析、相关性分析和冗余分析探究干扰强度
和斑块结构对鸟类群落的影响，揭示影响城市公园鸟类群落组成和物种丰富度的主要环境因子，研究结
果如下：（1）广州主要城市公园共有鸟类 243 种，隶属于 19 目 58 科。（2）高干扰强度下鸟类丰富度显
著高于低强度（P<0.05），低干扰强度下 Pielou 均匀度指数显著高于中干扰强度和高干扰强度（P<0.05），
但 Shannon 多样性指数无显著差异。（3）鸟类丰富度和 Shannon 多样性指数与公园面积、水域斑块数呈
正相关，与绿地破碎度和周长面积比（PAR）呈负相关。鸟类食性集团和取食集团的分布不仅受到绿地斑
块数和水域斑块数的正向影响，还受到绿地破碎度、水域破碎度和建筑面积占比率的负面影响。研究结
果表明，不同的干扰强度和斑块结构均会对城市公园鸟类群落造成显著影响，在建设城市公园时应综合
考虑公园的面积、形状、水域占比率、水域斑块数和绿地斑块数，丰富公园的生境异质性。 |
| 关键词: 城市公园 干扰强度 斑块结构 鸟类多样性 广州 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| The Effects of Interference Strength and Patch Structure on Bird Communities in Urban Parks of Guangzhou |
|
Huang zijun1,2, Tong Fuchun1, Mai Yanyi1, He Xintong1, Lin Jiali1, Yang Hongbing3, Xiao Yihua2
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1.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University;2.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry;3.Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry
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| Abstract: |
| Taking the bird communities in major urban parks in Guangzhou as the research object, the bird
observation data of major urban parks in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2021 were obtained from the China Bird Report
platform. One-way ANOVA, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis were used to explore
the effects of interference strength and patch structure on bird communities, and to reveal the main environmental
factors affecting bird communities composition and species richness in urban parks, so as to provide a reference for urban park construction and bird protection in Guangzhou. (1) There are 243 species of birds in the main
urban parks of Guangzhou, belonging to 19 orders and 58 families. (2) Bird richness under the high interference
strength was significantly higher than that under the low interference strength (P<0.05). Pielou evenness index
under the low interference strength was significantly higher than that under medium disturbance intensity and
high interference strength(P<0.05), but Shannon diversity index was not significantly different. (3) Bird richness
and Shannon diversity index were positively associated with park area and water patch number, and negatively
correlated with green space fragmentation and perimeters-to-area ratio(PAR). The number of green space patches
and water patches had a positive impact on the number of bird species in each diet and foraging guild, however,
green space fragmentation, water fragmentation and construction percentage had a negative impact. The results
showed that different interference strength and patch structures can significantly affect the bird communities in
urban parks. Therefore, when building urban parks, attention should be paid to the park area, shape, percentage of
water, number of water patches, green space patches, and enrich the habitat heterogeneity of the parks. |
| Key words: urban park interference strength patch structure bird community Guangzhou |
