| 摘要: |
| 以排草香（Anisochilus carnosus）、碰碰香（Plectranthus hadiensis var.tomentosus）两种芳香药用植物为试验材料，在气雾栽培（雾培）和土壤栽培（土培）两种栽培方式下，对两种植物的生长指标（株高、根长、株重）、营养成分（维生素C、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、硝酸盐）和药用成分（总黄酮）含量进行测定和比较。结果表明雾培与土培的植物在生物量、营养成分及药用成分含量等方面差异明显：（1）雾培组排草香株高、根长、株重分别比土培组增长28.8%、58.9%、146.7%，碰碰香增长14.4%、58.6%、103.6%。（2）雾培组排草香维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量分别比土培组增长13.6%、42.9%、51.3%，碰碰香增长28.9%、42.9%、20.4%。雾培组的硝酸盐含量分别是土培组的3.76倍、3.58 倍，而游离氨基酸含量则是土培组比雾培组增加16.0%、44.9%。（3）土培组的排草香、碰碰香总黄酮含量比雾培组的增加186.4%、277.5%。两种植物土培组与雾培组的抗氧化能力无太大差异。气雾栽培相对于传统的土壤栽培，植物生长速度可以提高1.4~5.2 倍，且一些营养成分含量显著提高，但药用成分的积累偏低。 |
| 关键词: 气雾栽培 土壤栽培 生长 品质 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中央财政林业改革发展资金项目“林下红葱综合利用技术示范”(编号：〔2017〕GDTK -03号)。 |
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| Effects of Two Kinds of Cultivation Methods on the Growth and Quality of Anisochilus carnosus and Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus |
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MO Yunbao,GAO Jianmin,WANG Hongfeng and HE Chunmei
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Guangdong Province Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station,Guangzhou,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou
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| Abstract: |
| This article studied the effects of aeroponics and soil cultivation on growth and quality of Anisochilus carnosus and Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus. The indexes that we measured include height, root length, plant weight, Vitamin C (Vc), free amino acid (FAA), free soluble sugar, soluble protein, nitrate content, total flavonoids. The results showed that two kinds of cultivation methods have obvious different effects on growth, nutritional components and medicinal constituents: (1) The height, the root length and the plant weight of A. carnosus grown in aeroponics had an increase of 28.8%, 58.9% and 146.7% respectively than those in soil, while those growth indicators of P. hadiensis var. tomentosus also had a similar increase, with the numbers being 14.4%, 58.6% and 103.6%. (2) The content of Vc, free soluble sugar and soluble protein of A. carnosus grown in aeroponics had increased 13.6%, 42.9% and 51.3% respectively than those in soil; As for P. hadiensis var. tomentosus, the increasing roportions were 28.9%, 42.9% and 20.4%, respectively. The nitrate contents of A. carnosus and P. hadiensis var. tomentosus grown in aeroponics were 3.76 times and 3.58 times than those in soil cultivation, respectively. However, the free amino acids contents of A. carnosus and P. hadiensis var. tomentosus grown in soil cultivation had an increase of 16.0% and 44.9% over in aeroponics. (3)Similarly, the total flavonoids contents of A. carnosus and P. hadiensis var. tomentosus grown in soil cultivation were also higher than those in aeroponics, having an increase of 186.4%, 277.5%, respectively. The anti-oxydation ability of Anisochilus carnosus and Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus grown in soil cultivation had no significant difference with those in aeroponics. Compared with traditional soil culture, aeroponics increased the plant growth rate by 1.4~5.2 times, and also increased some nutrient contents significantly, but decreased the contents of medicinal composition. |
| Key words: aeroponics, soil cultivation, growth, quality |
