| 摘要: |
| 采用样方法对广东省东莞市12个不同类型天然森林群落的物种组成和多样性进行测算，结果表明，12个群落的物种丰富度为54～147种，Shannon Wiener指数为2.44～4.08，Pielous均匀度指数为58.08%～86.28%，Simpson指数为0.03～0.24。物种丰富度、Shannon Wiener指数和Pielous均匀度指数变化趋势一致。Simpson指数变化趋势与Shannon Wiener指数相反。Shannon Wiener指数和Pielous均匀度指数明显低于广东省常绿阔叶林群落。不同森林群落层次中，物种丰富度和Shannon Wiener指数一般为灌木层>乔木层 >藤本层>草本层。12个群落可划分为8个群系。群落的聚类结果与优势种、优势度、物种组成及物种多样性有着密切的关系。山乌桕+岭南酸枣群落、银柴+鸭脚木群落、鼠刺+山乌桕群落和降真香+银柴群落等4个群落处于森林演替的第4阶段，其他8个群落处于第5阶段。其中，红苞木群落、短萼仪花群落和水翁群落处于偏中生常绿阔叶林向中生常绿阔叶林（顶极阶段）过渡的时期，是目前东莞市演替等级最高的天然森林群落。 |
| 关键词: 天然森林〓物种多样性〓东莞 |
| DOI： |
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| Species Diversity of Natural Forest Communities in Dongguan City |
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moluojian,zhujianyun,liusongsong,yeyongchang,lvhaorong,liniansheng
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| Abstract: |
| The species compositions and diversity of twelve natural forest communities in The species compositions and diversity of twelve natural forest communities in Dongguan city were studied based on the data of plots. A comparisons were made between them and the subtropical evergreen broad leaved forest in Guangdong province.The results indicated that: the values of species richness, Shannon Wiener index, Pielous evenness index and Simpson index were 54～147, 2.44～4.08, 58.08%～86.28% and 0.03～0.24 respectively； Shannon Wiener and Pielous evenness indices changed accordingly with the species rechness, but the changes of Simpson index was contrary to that of Shannon Wiener. The values of Shannon Wiener and Pielous evenness indice were significantly lower than that of the subtropical evergreen broad leaved forest in Guangdong province. Concerning comparison among different layers, the species richness and the values of Shannon Wiener index of shrubs were the greatest, followed by those of trees, lianas and herbs. The twelve natural forest communities were divided into eight plant formation. And the results of cluster analysis was closely related to dominant species, degree of dominance, species composition and diversity.Considering the succession process of forests, we speculated that Sapium discolor+Spondias lakonensis community, Aporosa dioica+Schefflera heptaphylla community, Itea chinensis+Sapium discolor community and Acronychia pedunculata community were at the fourth stage, and the other eight communities were at the five stage. Meanwhile, Cleistocalyx operculatus community, Rhodoleia championi community and Lysidice brevicalyx community were at a transition period to the stage of mesophytic evergreen broad leaved forest (the climax of forest succession process), and were at the top stage of the Dongguan zonal forests at present. |
| Key words: natural forest, species diversity, Dongguan city |
