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15 个油茶良种在广东英德的早期适生性评价
李文锋1, 许金文1, 奚如春2, 张 恒2, 宁华珙1
1.英德市林业科学研究所;2.华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院
摘要:
为筛选适于广东英德地区栽培的油茶 Camellia oleifera 良种, 以引种于英德市林业科学研究所 的 15 个 6 a 生油茶良种为研究对象, 于 2024 年对其花期、 生长性状 (地径、 树高、 冠幅)、 果实经济性 状 (出籽率、 含油率等)、 产量性状 (早实率、 单果质量、 产果/ 油量) 及炭疽病抗性进行了系统调查与 测定; 采用主成分分析法提取 5 个特征值大于 1 的主成分, 并运用隶属函数法结合权重进行品系适生性综 合评价。 结果表明, 参试品系间各性状指标存在显著差异 (P<0. 05), 岑软 3 号 C. oleifera ""Cenruan 3"" 、 岑软 2 号 C. oleifera ""Cenruan 2"" 和赣石 83-4 C. oleifera ""Ganshi 83-4"" 的综合得分值最高, 分别为 0. 72、 0. 60 和 0. 50, 而粤韶 77 - 1 C. oleifera ""Yueshao 77 - 1 "" 、 华金 C. oleifera ""Huajin "" 、 长林 53 号 C. oleifera ""Changlin 53"" 的综合得分值最低, 分别为 0. 22、 0. 23 和 0. 28。 综上, 岑软 3 号 C. oleifera ""Cenruan 3"" 、 岑 软 2 号 C. oleifera ""Cenruan 2"" 和赣石 83 C. oleifera ""Ganshi 83-4"" 适应性强, 是适于在广东英德地区推广种植 的油茶良种。
关键词:  油茶  区域试验  抗病性  产量  综合评价
DOI：
分类号:
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目 (2019YFD1001602), 广东省林业科技创新项目 (2025JCKJCX007)。
Early-Stage Adaptability Evaluation of 15 Elite Varieties of Camellia oleifera in Yingde, Guangdong
LI Wenfeng1, XU Jinwen1, XI Ruchun2, ZHANG Heng2, NING Huagong1
1.Yingde Institute of Forestry Science;2.South China Agricultural University
Abstract:
To screen elite strains of Camellia oleifera suitable for cultivation in Yingde, Guangdong Province, fifteen elite strains (Six-year-old) introduced at the Yingde Forestry Science Research Institute were used as research subjects. In 2024, systematic investigations and measurements were conducted on their flowering phenology, growth traits (ground diameter, tree height, crown width), fruit economic traits (seed yield rate, oil content, etc. ), yield traits ( early fruiting rate, single fruit weight, fruit / oil yield), and anthracnose resistance. Principal component analysis was used to extract five principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1, and a membership function method combined with weighting was used for a comprehensive evaluation of variety adaptability. The results showed significant differences (P<0. 05) in the trait indices among the tested strains. C. oleifera ""Cenruan 3"" , C. oleifera ""Cenruan 2"" , and C. oleifera ""Ganshi 83-4"" achieved the highest comprehensive scores of 0. 72, 0. 60, and 0. 50 respectively, while C. oleifera ""Yueshao 77-1"", C. oleifera ""Huajin"", and C. oleifera "" Changlin 53 "" had the lowest scores of 0. 22, 0. 23, and 0. 28 respectively. In conclusion, C. oleifera ""Cenruan 3"", C. oleifera ""Cenruan 2"", and C. oleifera ""Ganshi 83-4"" demonstrated strong adaptability and are elite strains for promotion and cultivation in the Yingde area of Guangdong Province.
Key words:  Camellia oleifera  regional trials  disease resistance  yield  comprehensive evaluation