| 摘要: |
| 为探究 3 种添加剂在植物修复湿地重金属污染中的应用, 以 1 a 生幼苗美人蕉 Canna indica 作
为供试植物, 选取 Pb-Cd-Cu 复合污染水体中初始浓度为 0. 25、 0. 50 和 1. 00 mmol·L
-1 的乙二胺四乙酸
(EDTA), 2. 50、 5. 00 和 10. 00 mmol·L
-1 的柠檬酸 (CA), 1. 25、 2. 50 和 5. 00 mmol·L
-1 的茶皂素
(TS) 进行为期 6 个月的盆栽试验, 分析不同浓度添加剂对美人蕉生长、 根系生理、 养分和重金属吸收累
积的影响。 结果表明, 高浓度 EDTA 显著提高美人蕉根部、 地上部及植株生物量 (P<0. 05), 低浓度 CA
显著提升根部生物量和根冠比 (P<0. 05), 低浓度 TS 显著增加植株总生物量 (P<0. 05)。 中等浓度 EDTA 和低浓度 CA 显著提高超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 活性 (P<0. 05), 但低浓度 EDTA、 高浓度 CA、 低浓
度 TS 显著降低 SOD 活性。 低浓度 EDTA 显著降低美人蕉 N 含量 (P<0. 05), 其余 EDTA 处理均显著提
高 N 含量 (P<0. 05), CA 和 TS 处理显著降低根部 K 含量 (P<0. 05)。 所有添加剂处理均显著提高美人
蕉根部及全株 Pb 和 Cd 含量 (P<0. 05), 其中高浓度 EDTA 显著促进植株 Pb 和 Cd 的累积 (P<0. 05),
而低浓度 CA 和 TS 更利于养分吸收和重金属累积。 综上所述, 在重金属复合污染水体中, 高浓度 EDTA、
低浓度 CA 和中等浓度 TS 处理能够有效提高美人蕉的生长适应性、 养分吸收及重金属的吸收和累积能力。 |
| 关键词: 湿地 重金属 植物修复 添加剂 美人蕉 |
| DOI：10. 20221 / j. cnki. 2096-2053. 202504008 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省林业科技创新项目 (2022KJCX015)。 |
|
| Effects of Three Additives on Nutrient and Heavy Metal Absorption and Accumulation in Canna indica |
|
Liu Runhua, WU Xiting, PENG Sinuo, SHAO Guodong, MING Haolong, SU Licheng, ZENG Shucai
|
|
College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University
|
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the application of three additives in the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated wetlands, a six-month pot experiment was conducted using 1-year-old Canna indica seedlings as the test
plant. The experiment involved Pb-Cd-Cu composite contaminated water with initial concentrations of 0. 25,
0. 50, and 1. 00 mmol·L
-1
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); 2. 50, 5. 00, and 10. 00 mmol·L
-1
citric acid (CA); and 1. 25, 2. 50, and 5. 00 mmol·L
-1
tea saponin (TS). The study aimed to evaluate the
effects of different concentrations of these additives on the growth, root physiology, nutrient uptake, and heavy metal accumulation in C. indica. Results showed that high concentrations of EDTA significantly increased root,
shoot, and total biomass (P<0. 05), low concentrations of CA significantly enhanced root biomass and root-toshoot ratio (P<0. 05), and low concentrations of TS significantly increased total plant biomass (P<0. 05).
Moderate EDTA and low CA concentrations significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P<
0. 05), whereas low EDTA, high CA, and low TS concentrations significantly reduced SOD activity. Low
EDTA concentration significantly decreased plant nitrogen content (P < 0. 05), while other EDTA treatments
significantly increased it (P<0. 05). Both CA and TS treatments significantly reduced root potassium content
(P< 0. 05). All additive treatments significantly increased Pb and Cd concentrations in the roots and whole
plants (P < 0. 05), with high EDTA concentrations notably promoting plant Pb and Cd accumulation ( P <
0. 05). In contrast, low concentrations of CA and TS were more conducive to nutrient uptake and heavy metal
accumulation. In summary, under composite heavy metal pollution, treatments with high EDTA, low CA,
and moderate TS effectively enhanced the growth adaptability, nutrient absorption, and heavy metal uptake and
accumulation capacity of C. indica. |
| Key words: wetlands heavy metals phytoremediation additive agent Canna indica |
