| 摘要: |
| 为降低校园树木安全隐患风险, 构建科学的安全性评价体系, 以华南农业大学为例, 基于视
觉评估法与风险矩阵法建立校园树木安全性评价模型, 结合 PICUS-3 应力波无损检测技术, 对 5 540 株
树木进行安全风险等级评估。 结果表明, 校园树木风险等级随胸径的增长呈递增趋势。 校园树木的树高
和胸径与干基腐朽或空洞有显著的相关性 (P<0. 05), 高山榕 Ficus altissima、 白兰 Michelia×alba 和凤凰
木 Delonix regia 的形态因子与风险因子有显著相关性 (P<0. 05)。 20 个树种中, 高山榕、 麻楝 Chukrasia
tabularis、 杧果 Mangifera indica、 蝴蝶果 Cleidiocarpon cavaleriei 安全性最高 (Ⅰ级、 Ⅱ级>99%); 黄葛
树 F. virens、 小叶榄仁 Terminalia neotaliala、 人面子 Dracontomelon duperreanum、 毛果杜英 Elaeocarpus
rugosus、 糖胶树 Alstonia scholaris、 乌墨 Syzygium cumini 较安全 (Ⅰ级、 Ⅱ级>96%); 大王椰 Roystonea
regia、 榕树 F. microcarpa、 非洲楝 Khaya senegalensis、 阴香 Cinnamomum burmanni、 海南红豆 Ormosia
pinnata (Ⅲ级, 6. 06% ~8. 88%) 与凤凰木、 红花羊蹄甲 Bauhinia×blakeana 安全性较低 (Ⅲ级, 10. 84% ~
15. 52%), 宫粉羊蹄甲 B. variegata、 白兰、 幌伞枫 Heteropanax fragrans 安全性最低 (Ⅳ级, 0. 27% ~
2. 86%)。 无损检测结果显示, 凤凰木的安全等级越高, 树干出现腐烂的区域越小, 但因树势与立地环境
的不同, 出现树干空洞的可能性以及空洞的面积有一定的差异。 总体而言, 对树木进行安全性评价有助
于提升校园的安全防范能力。 |
| 关键词: 华南地区 高校校园 园林树木 树木安全风险评估 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:古树大树移植和智慧养护关键技术研究 (4400-H231041)。 第一作者: 帅晓迈 (2000— ), 女, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为园林植物与城 |
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| Risk Assessment on Campus Trees Safety ———A Case Study of South China Agricultural University |
|
SHUAI Xiaomai1, DAI Yuhang2, YANG Jiaman1, LI Cheng1, CHEN Hongyue1
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1.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University;2.Wangying Reservoir Administration Bureau of Hubei Province
|
| Abstract: |
| To reduce potential safety hazards and establish a scientific evaluation system, this paper took
South China Agricultural University as a case study. A tree safety evaluation model was developed using Visual tree assessment (VTA) and the risk matrix method (LS), combined with PICUS-3 stress wave tomography
for nondestructive testing, to assess the safety risk levels of 5 540 campus trees. The results show that the risk
level of campus trees increased with DBH. The tree height and DBH were significantly correlated with truck decay or cavity (P<0. 05), and the morphological factors of Ficus altissima, Michelia×alba and Delonix regia
showed significant correlations with risk factors (P<0. 05). Among the 20 tree species evaluated, F. altissima,
Chukrasia tabularis, Mangifera indica, and Cleidiocarpon cavaleriei exhibited the highest safe ( Grade Ⅰ,
grade Ⅱ > 99%), followed by F. virens, Terminalia neotaliala, Dracontomelon duperreanum, Elaeocarpus
rugosus, Alstonia scholaris, and Syzygium cumini (Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ>96%). Roystonea regia, F. microcarpa,
Khaya senegalensis, Cinnamomum burmanni, and Ormosia pinnata showed moderate risk levels ( Grade Ⅲ,
6. 06%-8. 88%), while Delonix regia and Bauhinia×blakeane (Grade Ⅲ, 10. 84%-15. 52%). Bauhinia variegata, Michelia×alba, and Heteropanax fragrans were identified as the least safe species (Grade Ⅳ, 0. 27%-
2. 86%). Non-destructive testing results indicated that higher safety grades of Delonix regia were associated
with smaller decayed areas in the trunk. However, the probability of cavity formation and the extent of cavities
exhibited certain variations depending on tree vigor and site-specific environmental conditions. In general, it is
very necessary to evaluate the safety of trees, which is helpful to improve the safety and prevention ability of
campus. |
| Key words: South China University campus Landscape trees Tree risk assessment |
