| 摘要: |
| 为定量评估不同类型城市森林对局部小气候及空气负离子的调控效应, 选取东莞市城市公园
内景观生态林、 人工改造林和次生林 3 种城市森林为研究对象, 以中心城区稀疏草坪绿地 (城市绿地)
作为对照。 基于国家标准 《气候季节划分》 (GB/ T42074—2022), 选取 2023 年广东夏季最具代表性的高
温高湿核心时段 (6—9 月), 依托广东珠江口城市群生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 同步监测各林分及对
照区的温度、 相对湿度、 风速等小气候因子以及空气负离子浓度。 重点分析 3 种城市森林与对照绿地在小
气候调控效应 (降温、 增湿、 降风) 和空气负离子浓度特征上的差异, 并探讨二者相互关系。 研究表明,
(1) 3 种城市森林相对于绿地均能显著 (P<0. 01) 调节局部小气候并提升人体舒适度; (2) 3 种城市森
林空气负离子浓度达 1 500 ~ 2 500 ions·cm
-3
, 显著高于城市绿地 (P < 0. 001) 且符合 “清新” 标准
(LY / T 2586—2016); (3) 次生林和人工改造林对夏季小气候及空气负离子的调控综合效果最优。 建议
城市规划中优先保护次生林资源, 并参照东莞市林科园内的 “东莞地带性顶极森林群落” 人工改造林模
式优化城市绿地结构, 以提升其生态调节功能。 |
| 关键词: 城市森林 小气候效应 空气负离子浓度 人体舒适度 相关性 |
| DOI：10. 20221 / j. cnki. 2096-2053. 202504009 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:东莞市社会发展科技项目 (20221800906102), 广东省林业科技创新平台项目 (2021-KYXM-09-02)。 |
|
| The Regulatory Effects of Three Urban Forests in Dongguan on Summer Microclimate and Negative Air Ions |
|
zhou haiqi, Ren Yang, Kong Aidong, LUO Yongguang, ZHAI Xin, YAN Chaodong, LIU Songsong
|
|
Dongguan Institute of Forestry Sciences
|
| Abstract: |
| To quantitatively assess the regulatory effects of different urban forest types on local microclimate
and negative air ions (NAI), three urban forests in Dongguan city parks (landscape ecological forests, artificially modified forests, and secondary forests) were selected as research subjects, with sparse lawn green space
( urban green space) in the central urban area serving as the control. Based on the national standard "Division of Climatic Seasons" (GB/ T42074—2022), the most representative core period of high temperature and high humidity ( June to September) during the summer of 2023 in Guangdong was selected. Microclimatic factors
(temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) and NAI concentration were synchronously monitored in each
forest stand and the control area, utilizing the Guangdong Pearl River Estuary Urban Agglomeration Ecosystem
National Positioning Observation and Research Station. The study focused on analyzing the differences in microclimatic regulatory effects ( cooling, humidifying, and wind reduction) and NAI characteristics between the
three urban forest types and the control green space, exploring the interrelationships between them. Results indicate that all three urban forest types significantly (P<0. 01) regulated the local microclimate and improved human comfort compared to the green space. The NAI concentration in the three urban forests ranged from 1 500
to 2 500 ions·cm
-3
, significantly higher than in the urban green space (P<0. 001) and meeting the "fresh air"
standard ( LY / T 2586—2016). Secondary forests and artificially modified forests demonstrated the optimal
comprehensive regulatory effects on summer microclimate and NAI. It is suggested that urban planning should
prioritize the conservation of secondary forest resources and adopt the model of artificially modified forests exemplified by the "Dongguan Zonal Climax Forest Community" established within the Dongguan Forestry Science
Park to optimize the structure and enhance the ecological regulatory functions of urban green spaces. |
| Key words: urban forests microclimate effects NAI concentration human comfort correlation |
