| 摘要: |
| 为探究甲基磺酸乙酯 (Ethyl methane sulfonate, EMS) 诱变乌桕 Triadica sebifera 种子的最佳
条件, 研究以乌桕种子为材料, 设定 5 个体积比浓度梯度 (0、 1%、 2%、 3%、 4%) 以及 2 个时间处理
(4、 8 h), 通过盆栽试验研究不同处理下乌桕种子的发芽势、 发芽率、 相对发芽率及幼苗生长指标。 结果
表明, (1) 随着 EMS 浓度的升高和处理时间的延长, 种子萌发和幼苗生长均呈显著抑制趋势 (P<
0. 05); (2) 在 3%EMS 处理 4 h 下, 种子相对发芽率为 54. 77%, 接近半致死剂量; (3) 共筛选出 44 株
变异植株, 包括 66 种变异类型, 总体变异频率为 16. 54%; 其中, 2%EMS 处理 8 h 和 3%EMS 处理 8 h 的
变异频率较高, 但其种子发芽势与发芽率较低, 且幼苗生长受到严重抑制; 在 3%EMS 处理 4 h 的变异频
率可达 34. 71%, 对幼苗生长影响较小; (4) 主成分分析提取出 3 个主成分因子, 累积方差贡献率为
87. 165%, 且特征值均大于 1。 建立了不同浓度 EMS 处理下乌桕种子生长质量综合评价模型为 FZ
=
0. 772F1
+0. 129F2
+0. 099F3 , 0%EMS 处理 8 h、 0%EMS 处理 4 h、 1%EMS 处理 4 h 和 2%EMS 处理 4 h 处
理得分较高, 其次是 3%EMS 处理 4 h 和 1%EMS 处理 8 h, 4%EMS 处理 4 h、 4%EMS 处理 8 h、 2%EMS
处理 8 h 和 3%EMS 处理 8 h 得分相对较低; 结合诱变致死率、 苗木生长情况和变异频率来看, 3%EMS 处
理 4 h 为处理乌桕种子最佳方式。 |
| 关键词: 乌桕 EMS 发芽率 幼苗生长 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央财政林业科技推广示范资金 (苏 [2021] TG12), 连云港市财政局专项资金 (QNJJ2205)。 |
|
| Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate Mutagenesis on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Triadica sebifera |
|
zhengxu, wangxiaoxiao, zhaowenjing, liuxingman
|
|
Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
|
| Abstract: |
| To explore the optimal mutagenesis conditions of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) on Triadica
sebifera seeds, the seeds of T. sebifera were used as materials, and five EMS concentrations gradients ( 0,
1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) and two different treatment times (4 h, 8 h) were set. The germination potential, germination rate, relative germination rate and seedling growth index of T. sebifera seeds under different treatments
were studied by pot experiment. The results were as follows: (1) With the increased of EMS concentration and
treatment time, the seed germination rate and seedling growth were significantly inhibited. (2) Under 3% EMS
treatment for 4 h, the relative germination rate of seeds was 54. 77%, which was close to the semi-lethal dose. (3) A total of 44 mutant plants were screened, including six variation types, with an overall variation frequency
of 16. 54%. Among them, the variation frequency of 2% EMS treatment for 8 h and 3% EMS treatment for 8 h
was higher, but the seed germination potential and germination rate were lower, and the seedling growth was
seriously inhibited. The variation frequency of 3% EMS treatment for 4 h was up to 34. 71%, which had little
effect on seedling growth. (4) Principal component analysis extracted three principal component factors, the
cumulative variance contribution rate was 87. 165%, and the eigenvalues were greater than 1. The comprehensive evaluation model of seed growth quality of T. sebifera under different EMS treatment conditions was established as Fz
= 0. 772F1
+0. 129F2
+0. 099F3
. 0% EMS treatment for 8 h, 0% EMS treatment for 4 h, 1% EMS
treatment for 4 h and 2% EMS treatment for 4 h had higher scores. Followed by 3% EMS treatment for 4 h and
1% EMS treatment for 8 h. The scores of 4% EMS treatment for 4 h, 4% EMS treatment for 8 h, 2% EMS treatment for 8 h and 3% EMS treatment for 8 h were relatively low. Combined with the mutagenic lethality rate,
seedling growth and mutation frequency, 3% EMS treatment for 4 h was the best way to treat T. sebifera seeds. |
| Key words: Triadica sebifera EMS germination rate seedling growth |
