| 摘要: |
| 为研究林下草本植物对维持城市绿地生态系统功能及保护城市生物多样性的影响, 以东莞市
中心城区公园、 社区、 街头的 75 个典型城市绿地样地的乔木数据以及 225 个 1 m×1 m 林下草本样方的调
查数据为研究对象, 综合分析了东莞城市草本植物多样性与乔木林冠结构以及林下光照的关系。 结果表
明, (1) 研究区内共有林下草本植物 167 种, 分属 42 科, 112 属。 不同绿地类型林下草本植物多样性从
高到低依次为公园、 社区和街头。 (2) 乔木密度、 林冠结构因子 (透光比、 叶面积指数、 椭球体叶倾角、
平均叶倾角和冠层覆盖度) 与林下光照 (林下散射辐射和林下直接辐射) 共 8 个环境因子, 对林下草本
植物组成的解释变异量总和为 11. 68%, 乔木密度是影响林下草本植物物种组成和分布的主要环境因子。
(3) 林下草本植物的 6 个多样性指数 (个体数、 Margalef 指数、 丰富度指数、 Shannon -Wiener 指数、
Simpson 指数和 Pielou 指数) 均与乔木密度表现出显著正相关, 与叶面积指数表现出正相关; 而透光比、
椭球体叶倾角、 林下光照直接辐射与这 6 个多样性指数表现出负相关。 此外, 冠层覆盖度与林下草本植物
个体数和 Shannon-Wiener 指数表现出正相关。 研究表明, 东莞城市绿地乔木的结构和密度在一定程度上
调控着林下草本植物物种的组成。 合理的城市绿地乔木层密度有助于维持林下草本植物的多样性。 |
| 关键词: 城市绿地 林下辐射 冠层结构 半球面影像技术 林下草本植物多样性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:东莞市社会发展科技项目 (20221800906102), 广东省林业科技创新平台项目 (2021-KYXM-09-02) |
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| Diversity of Understory Herbaceous Plants in Urban Green Space Communities in Dongguan and Their Responses to Environmental Factors Such as Arbor Canopy Structure |
|
zhou haiqi1, YAN Chaodong1, PAN Lichan1, LIU Songsong1, HU Zhenjian2
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1.Dongguan Institute of Forestry Sciences;2.South China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Understory herbaceous plants are an essential component of urban green spaces, and studying their role in maintaining urban green space ecosystem functions and protecting urban biodiversity is significant
importance. This study focuses on 75 typical urban green space plots in parks, communities, and streets in the
central urban area of Dongguan, as well as 225 understory herbaceous quadrats (1 m × 1 m), to comprehensively analyze the relationship between urban herbaceous plant diversity and tree canopy structure, as well as understory light conditions. The results indicate that: (1) A total of 167 understory herbaceous plant species, belonging to 42 families and 112 genera, were identified in the study area. The diversity of understory herbaceous
plants in different green space types, from high to low, was parks, communities, and streets. (2) Eight environmental factors, including tree density, canopy structure factors (sky view factor, leaf area index, ellipsoidal leaf angle distribution parameter, mean leaf angle, and canopy coverage ), and understory light conditions
(understory scattered radiation and understory direct radiation ), collectively explained 11. 68% of the variation
in understory herbaceous plant composition. Tree density was the primary environmental factor influencing the
species composition and distribution of understory herbaceous plants. (3) Six diversity indices of understory herbaceous plants ( individual count, Margalef index, richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index,
and Pielou index) all showed significant positive correlations with tree density and positive correlations with leaf
area index. In contrast, the sky view factor, ellipsoidal leaf angle, and understory direct radiation exhibited
negative correlations with these six diversity indices. Additionally, canopy coverage showed positive correlations with the individual count and Shannon-Wiener index of understory herbaceous plants. The study demonstrates that the structure and density of trees in Dongguan′s urban green spaces regulate the species composition of
understory herbaceous plants to some extent. A reasonable density of the tree layer in urban green spaces contributes to maintaining the diversity of understory herbaceous plants. |
| Key words: urban green space understory radiation canopy structure hemispherical imaging technology diversity of understory herbaceous plants |
