| 摘要: |
| 为促进城市绿地优势观花树种健康管理, 以深圳城市绿地优势观花树种为研究对象, 采用树
木雷达系统 (Tree radar unit, TRU) 检测方法, 对火焰木 Spathodea campanulata、 凤凰木 Delonix regia、
美丽异木棉 Ceiba speciosa、 黄花风铃木 Handroanthus chrysanthus 进行根系检测, 探寻不同树种、 不同立
地下根系分布特征。 结果表明, (1) 整体而言, 根系水平分布的特征为距离树干越远, 根系密度越小。
不同树种水平根系分布密度存在显著差异 (P＜0. 05)。 (2) 垂直方向根系分布以 20 ~ 40 cm 土层密度最
高, 而 0~20 cm、 40~60 cm 土层范围根密度较小, 绝大多数根系分布在 0~60 cm 范围土层中。 (3) 不同
树种总体垂直分布密度差异显著 (P＜0. 05), 随土层深度增加呈先增加后减小规律, 通常于 20 ~ 40 cm
土层范围内达到峰值。 (4) 道路立地与硬质铺装环境根系相比于草坪绿地具有更明显的胁迫响应, 根系
为应对胁迫普遍采取侧重于分支生长的策略, 具体表现为道路立地与硬质铺装环境下相同树种水平与垂
直根系密度远高于草坪绿地, 且在表层土壤根系形成聚集效应, 表层土壤范围内根系含量相比草坪绿地
显著增加 (P＜0. 05)。 总体根系密度呈道路立地＞硬质铺装＞草坪绿地。 (5) 在城市硬质环境胁迫下,
各树种根系横向扩张能力呈凤凰木＞火焰木＞美丽异木棉＞黄花风铃木。 为了改善城市绿地树木的根系
发育, 建议采用土壤改良、 生根剂施用、 新型基质换填和菌根形成诱导等方法, 并结合引根管、 隔根挡
板、 树池和绿化带的工程技术改造, 以促进根系健康发展。 |
| 关键词: 开花乔木 植物根系 土壤环境 空间分布 城市绿地 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省普通高校创新团队项目 ( 2024KCXTD078), 深圳市科技攻关计划项目 ( JSGG20191129141403814), 广东省林业 科技创新项目 (2021KJCX009)。 |
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| Root Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Dominant Flowering Tree Species in Shenzhen Urban Green Space Based on TRU System |
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SUN Yanjun1, LAI Yuqing2, ZHANG Yanjing3, ZHAN Guoqiang1, DENG Xing2, CHEN Xiaoxi4, GUO Wei3, LAN Weigen2
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1.广东生态工程职业学院;2.深圳市公园管理中心;3.仲恺农业工程学院;4.深圳坤元生态科技有限公司
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| Abstract: |
| In order to promote the healthy management of advantageous flowering tree species in urban
green spaces, a tree radar system (TRU) detection method was used to detect the root system of Spathodea
campanulata, Delonix regia, Ceiba speciosa, and Handroanthus chrysanthus in Shenzhen urban green spaces.
The root distribution characteristics of different tree species and underground systems were explored. The results
indicate that, (1) Overall, the characteristic of horizontal distribution of roots is that the farther away from the
tree trunk, the lower the root density. There are significant differences in root distribution density at different
tree species levels (P＜0. 05). (2) The vertical root distribution is highest in the 20-40 cm soil layer, while
the root density is lower in the 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers. The vast majority of roots are distributed in
the 0-60 cm soil layer. (3) There is no significant difference in the overall vertical distribution density of different tree species (P＜0. 05), and it shows a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of
soil depth, usually reaching its peak within the range of 20-40 cm soil layer. (4) Compared with lawn green
spaces, the root system in road sites and hard-paved environments has a more significant stress response. The
root system generally adopts a strategy that focuses on branching growth to cope with stress. Specifically, the
horizontal and vertical root density of the same tree species in road sites and hard-paved environments is much
higher than that in lawn green spaces, and an aggregation effect is formed in the surface soil root system. The
root system content in the surface soil range is significantly increased compared to lawn green spaces (P＜0. 05).
The overall root density is as follows: road standing＞hard pavement＞lawn green space. (5) Under the stress
of an urban hard environment, the horizontal expansion ability of the root systems of each tree species was
D. regia＞S. campanulata＞C. speciosa＞ H. chrysanthus. In order to improve the root development of urban
green space trees, it is recommended to use methods such as soil improvement, application of rooting agents, replacement of new substrates, and induction of mycorrhizal formation, combined with engineering and technical
transformation of root canals, root barriers, tree ponds, and green belts, to promote healthy root development. |
| Key words: flowering trees Plant root system Soil environment Spatial distribution Urban green space |
