| 摘要: |
| 树种特性与种间关系对山地景观林营建效果及长期稳定性具有重要影响。文章以广州市石门国家森林公园改造的山地景观林为研究对象，充分考虑气候变化、立地质量和树种适应性关系、种间关系等因素的叠加影响，分析景观改造效果并进行初步潜在风险预测。结果表明：立地和极端天气等因素可能是导致山乌桕 Sapium discolor、山苍子 Litsea cubeba 生长衰弱、虫害增加的主要因素，二者的虫害率分别为 92.68% 和 9.76%，死亡率分别为 34.78% 和 21.74%。景观改造选用的火力楠 Michelia macclurei、深山含笑 Michelia maudiae 均适应性较高，生长良好，明显提高林分整体质量。由于改造设计时对树种的适应性和种间关系掌握不清，导致现存林分中山苍子处于林冠层下部，受到山乌桕和改造树种的强烈竞争，长势进一步衰退，淘汰风险较高；而山乌桕则因严重虫害亦面临较高的淘汰风险，该林分预期将由彩叶景观林转变为常绿阔叶景观林。 |
| 关键词: 山地景观林 适地适树 种间关系 气候变化 |
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| Effects of Tree Species Adaptability on Mountain Landscape Forests Establishment |
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夏征1, mozhian2, mengshiyuan2, lijunjie1, gouxiao1, WANG Xiaodi3, liyanling2, zhaozhigang1
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1.Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture;2.Shimen National Forest Park;3.Guangzhou Landscape Engineering Design and Research Institute
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| Abstract: |
| Tree species characteristics and interspecific relationships had important effects on the establishment and long-term stability of mountain landscape forests. The degraded mountain landscape forests were investigated in Shimen National Forest Park in northern Guangzhou, and the stand improvement effects were analyzed and predicted based on the explored degraded reasons. The results showed that extreme weather and site conditions would be the main factors that lead to the weak growth and the increase of insect pests of Sapium discolor and Litsea cubeba. The rate of insect damage of the two tree species was 92.68% and 34.78%, and tree death was 9.76% and 21.74%, respectively. Michelia macclurei and M. maudiae were selected for the landscape renovation, which was both high adaptability and fast growth and could improve the overall quality of the stand. Due to the unclear understanding of the tree species adaptability and interspecies relationship among the four tree species in the renovation design, Litsea cubeba located at the lower forest canopy in the present landscape forests, and suffered strong competition from replanted tree species Michelia macclurei and M. maudiae. Tree growth declined furtherly and might have a high risk of elimination. Because of the heavy insect damage, the obsolescence risk of Sapium discolor would be also higher. The present landscape forests would be transformed from colorful-leaved landscape forests to evergreen broad-leaved landscape forests. The study combined the effects of climate change, site quality, tree species adaptability, interspecies relationship, and other factors on landscape forest renovation, which could have guided implications for species-site matching, tree species
combination and allocation, and risk management in landscape forest construction. |
| Key words: landscape forest species-site matching interspecies relationship climate change |
