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| 不同溶剂亚临界萃取樟树叶精油化学成分分析 及抑菌效果 |
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胡珊1, 黄皓1, 陈杰连2, 梁卫驱1, 连辉明2, 侯 晨2, 罗华建1, 谢佩吾3
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1.东莞市农业科学研究中心;2.广东省林业科学研究院 / 广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;3.广东省林业科学研究院
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| 摘要: |
| 研究采用丙烷、四氟乙烷、正丁烷、正丁烷与乙醇（9:1）混合物为溶剂，分别对樟树
Cinnamomum camphora 叶进行亚临界提取。提取得到的叶精油用 GC/MS 法进行成分分析，并开展植物
病原菌的抑制作用研究，以比较不同提取溶剂获得的产物在化学组成成分和抑菌效果上的差异。结果表
明：（1）以正丁烷与乙醇（9:1）混合物为溶剂的亚临界萃取精油得率（3.67%）高于其他 3 种溶剂；（2）
在 4 种樟树叶精油样品中鉴定出的化合物分别为 29、33、34 和 22 种，以醇类和烯烃类化合物为主，其
中共同鉴定出的化合物为 18 种；所有样品均以龙脑为主要成分，其相对含量分别为 44.91%、43.85%、
45.41% 和 50.44%；（3）4 种樟树叶精油对真菌病原菌水稻纹枯病原菌 Rhizoctonia solani、辣椒疫霉病原
菌 Phytophthora capsici 和细菌病原菌青枯菌 Ralstonia salanacearum、胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌 Pectobacterium
carotovorum 均有不同程度的抑制作用，四氟乙烷萃取得到的樟树叶精油抑菌效果最优。 |
| 关键词: 樟树叶精油 亚临界萃取 气相色谱 - 质谱法 龙脑 抑菌 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:广东省林业科技创新项目（2022KJCX006），东莞市社会科技发展（重点）项目（2019507101198） |
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| Analysis of Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Effect of Subcritical Extraction of Essential Oil from Leaves of Cinnamomum camphora with different Solvents |
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HU Shan,HUANG Hao,CHEN Jielian,LIANG Weiqu,LIAN Huiming,HOU Chen,LUO Huajian,XIE Peiwu
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1.Dongguan Agricultural Science Research Institution;2.Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silvicuture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou
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| Abstract: |
| This study used four different solvents, i. e. propane, tetrafluoroethane, butane and mixture of
butane with ethanol (9 ∶ 1) for subcritical extraction of essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora leaves. The
chemical components of four essential oil samples were analyzed by GC/MS, and their inhibition effects against
two plant pathogens were surveyed. Our results suggested: (1) Subcritical extraction using mixture of butane with
ethanol (9 ∶ 1) had higher essential oil yield (3.67%) than other three solvents. (2) There were 29，33，34 and
22 compounds were identified respectively in four essential oil samples. There were 18 components were shared by all the four samples and borneol was the highest in relative content , respectively (44.91%, 43.85%, 45.41%
and 50.44%). (3) All the four essential oil samples had inhibition effect on tested pathogens, and the essential oil
extracted with tetrafluoroethane showed the best antifugus and antibacteria activities. |
| Key words: camphor leaves essential oil subcritical extraction GC/MS borneol antimicrobial effect |
