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不同种植模式及产区对铁皮石斛品质的影响
曹永建1, 赖敏婷2, 李怡欣1, 吴小燕3, 高婕1, 李兴伟1, 曾雷1
1.广东省林业科学研究院/广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;2.广东省林业科技推广总站;3.广东森科园林绿化工程有限公司
摘要:
分别采集广东、广西、浙江、福建、云南、海南等地人工栽培铁皮石斛 Dendrobium officinale 样品 38 份，种植模式涵盖大棚种植、仿野生附树种植和仿野生石壁种植。检测结果表明，检测结果表明，不同种植模式或不同产区的铁皮石斛中水分、粗多糖、灰分以及浸出物的含量相差不大，分布范围分别为 78.64%~83.40%、30.38%~33.44%、3.46%~5.32% 和 4.58%~5.72%。方差分析结果表明，不同种植模式或不同产区对铁皮石斛活性成分含量变化影响不显著，表明铁皮石斛在不同基质环境下，其自身组分的含量变化不大。各产区铁皮石斛鲜条中重金属镉 (Cd) 和铅（Pb）的含量均有不同程序的超标，最大超标量分别达到 2.1 倍和 54.9 倍。建议各地区加强对铁皮石斛重金属含量安全监管力度。
关键词:  铁皮石斛  栽培方式  原产区  活性成分  重金属
DOI：
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基金项目:广东省林业科技计划项目(2019-04)。
Effect of Difference Cultivation Models and Original Regions on Quality of Dendrobium officinale
Cao Yongjian1, Lai Minting2, Li Yixin1, Wu Xiaoyan3, Gao Jie1, Li Xingwei1, Zeng Lei1
1.Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization;2.Guangdong Provincial Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station, Guangzhou;3.Guangdong Senke Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd.
Abstract:
38 artificial cultivated Dendrobium officinale samples were selected from Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Yunnan and Hainan, respectively, which had been cultivated in green house, attached trees and rock surfaces, respectively. The actives components and heavy metal contents of As, Hg, Cd, Cr and Pb in these samples had been determined and their pollution status had been evaluated. The quantity of moisture contents, crude polysaccharides, ashes and extractum in those D. officinale are 78.64%-83.40%, 30.38%-33.44%, 3.46%-5.32% and 4.58%-5.72%, respectively. The single ANOVA analysis indicates there is not a significant effect of cultivation models or origin regions on active components in D. officinale. On the other hand, the contents of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in D. officinale were higher than the limited values of standard, and the maximum excess amount reached 2.1 times and 54.9 times, respectively. It is suggested that all regions should strengthen the safety monitoring for heavy metal content in D. officinale.
Key words:  Dendrobium officinale  cultivation models  original regions, active components  heavy metals