| 摘要: |
| 广东新丰江水库是华南地区重要的水源地，为了解库区水源涵养林土壤特征，对库区山地常绿阔叶林、沟谷季风常绿阔叶林、马尾松 Pinus massoniana 自然更新针阔混交林、马尾松套种阔叶树混交林、马尾松与桉树套种阔叶树混交林与杉木林等 6 种典型林分土壤养分和肥力及其与林分特征的相关性进行研究。结果表明：山地常绿阔叶林的土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮的含量最高，沟谷季风常绿阔叶林及马尾松自然更新针阔混交林次之，马尾松套种阔叶树混交林最低；表层土大部分土壤养分指标含量高于其他土层，其他土层之间差异不显著；除全钾含量多处于中等及以上水平外，其他土壤养分指标多处于较缺及以下水平，有效磷缺失最为严重；库区各林分土壤综合肥力等级均为一般及贫瘠，其中马尾松套种阔叶树混交林和马尾松与桉树套种阔叶树混交林土壤综合肥力最差；土壤有机质、全氮、全磷及碱解氮之间显著正相关，表层土综合肥力系数与全氮和碱解氮显著正相关，整体土壤综合肥力系数与有机质、全氮和碱解氮显著正相关；随着森林林龄和郁闭度的提高，土壤肥力系数和碱解氮显著增加。 |
| 关键词: 土壤养分 土壤肥力 水源涵养林 林龄 郁闭度 新丰江 |
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| 基金项目:广东省林业科技创新项目（2021KJCX003），广东省林业科技创新平台项目（2021-KYXM-09），林业科技创新平台运行 补助项目（2021132084, 2021132085）。 |
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| Characteristics of Soil Nutrient and Fertility in Water-conservation Forests in Xinfengjiang Reservoir Area |
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TAN Lin, SU Yuqiao, ZHANG Weiqiang, GAN Xianhua, TANG Chengbo, HUANG Fangfang
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry
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| Abstract: |
| Xinfengjiang reservoir is an important water source in South China. To understand the soil characteristics of water-conservation forests in this area, a soil survey was conducted on 6 typical forest types including mountain evergreen broadleaved forest, valley monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest, naturally regenerated masson pine conifer and broadleaved mixed forest, masson pine interplanted with broadleaved forest, masson pine and eucalyptus interplanted with broadleaved forest and Chinese fir forest to explore the soil nutrient and fertility levels, in addition to their relationships with forest age and canopy density. The results showed that the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen were highest in mountain evergreen broadleaved forest, followed by valley monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest and masson pine coniferand broad-leaved mixed forest, while lowest in masson pine interplanted with broadleaved forest. The content of most soil nutrient was higher in topsoil than in other soil layers, and the differences in soil nutrient among other soil layers were not significant. The content of most soil nutrient except for total potassium were graded as low and below according to grading standard, with the content of total phosphorus being graded as extremely low. The comprehensive fertility grade was medium to infertile for all forest types, among which masson pine interplanted with broadleaved forest and masson pine and eucalyptus interplanted with broadleaved forest were the worst. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available nitrogen significantly correlated with each other; the comprehensive fertility index significantly correlated with total nitrogen and available nitrogen at the topsoil, and correlated with organic matter, total and available nitrogen at the whole soil. Comprehensive fertility index and available nitrogen increased with increasing stand age and canopy density, |
| Key words: soil nutrient soil fertility water-conservation forest stand age canopy density Xinfengjiang |
