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广东省惠州市建成区湿地鸟类多样性及保护热点区域分析
段智钊1, 牛晓楠2, 熊晴帆3, 黄志文4, 李双霜1, 刘微5, 欧阳晟1
1.希言自然资源科技（广州）有限公司;2.惠州市林业科学研究所;3.广东珠海淇澳-担杆岛省级自然保护区管理处;4.广东省动物科学研究所;5.东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院
摘要:
广东省惠州市建成区拥有丰富的湿地资源，同时位于全球候鸟“东亚—澳大利亚”迁徒路线上中端位置，在全球候鸟保护上具有重要意义。然而，快速城市化发展加剧了湿地鸟类栖息地的破碎与萎缩，威胁着湿地鸟类多样性的可持续发展。为进一步加强建成区湿地鸟类多样性保护，在建成区湿地鸟类资源全面调查的基础上，利用GAP分析方法对湿地鸟类丰富度的空间分布格局与热点区域进行了研究。结果如下：（1）共调查记录到鸟类14目42科136种，有珍稀濒危物种12种；（2）建成区的北部和西部是鸟类丰富度最高区域，同时也是保护热点区域，在鸟类多样性保护具有重要地位。建议将尚未纳入自然保护地内鸟类丰富度高的热点区域纳入自然保护地体系，同时在北部和西部之间建立生态廊道，以实现对鸟类的有效保护。
关键词:  湿地  鸟类  多样性  冷热点
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基金项目:广东省科学院发展专项资金项目（2019GDASYL-0105045），广东省科学院科技发展专项（2018GDASCX-0107），惠州市林业局湿地和生物多样性调查及监测
Analysis of Bird Diversity and Conservation Hot Spots of Wetland in the Built-up Area of Huizhou City, Guangdong Province
duanzhizhao1, niuxiaonan2, xiongqingfan3, haungzhiwen4, lishuangshuang1, liuwei5, ouyangsheng1
1.Xiyan Natural Resources Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd;2.Huizhou Forestry Research Institute;3.Zhuhai Qi ''ao - Dandan Island Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office;4.Guangdong Institute of Animal Science;5.College of Wildlife and Nature Reserve, Northeast Forestry University
Abstract:
The built-up area of Huizhou city in Guangdong province has rich wetland resources, and is located in the middle of the “East Asian-Australia” migratory route of global migratory birds, which is of great significance in the protection of global migratory birds. However, rapid urbanization intensifies the fragmentation and shrinkage of wetland bird habitat, which threatens the sustainable development of wetland bird diversity. In order to further strengthen the protection of wetland bird diversity in the built-up area, the spatial distribution pattern and hotspot areas of wetland bird richness were studied by GAP analysis method based on the comprehensive survey of wetland bird resources in the built-up area. The results were as follows :(1) A total of136 species,42 families and 14 orders, were recorded, including 12 rare and endangered species. (2) The north and west of the built-up area are the areas with the highest bird richness and are also the hot spots for conservation, which plays an important role in the conservation of bird diversity. It is recommended that hot spots with high bird abundance not yet included in the nature reserve be included in the nature reserve system, and ecological corridors should be built between the north and west to achieve effective protection of birds.
Key words:  wetland  birds  diversity  cold hot spot