| 摘要: |
| 为了解森林土壤重金属空间分布特征及污染状况，选取华南沿海地区具有代表性的森林土壤，
采用克里金插值法分析了土壤中常见重金属元素镉、铅、铜、镍的空间分布特征，并利用单因子及内梅
罗综合污染指数、潜在生态风险指数等方法评估了土壤重金属污染程度和潜在生态风险。结果显示：研
究区铅含量较高，均超过土壤污染风险管控标准规定的风险筛选值 70 mg/kg；镉、铜、镍含量均在风险
筛选值以内。从空间分布特征上看，铅含量呈西南向东北逐渐升高的趋势，镍、镉含量呈西南向东北逐
渐降低的趋势，铜含量呈自西向东逐渐降低的趋势，但总体变化均属于中等变异程度。污染程度评价表
明，铅元素单因子污染指数大于 1，呈轻污染等级；镉、铜、镍元素单因子污染指数均小于 1，重金属含
量未超标；内梅罗综合污染指数为 0.945，综合污染等级达到警戒线。潜在生态风险评估表明，研究区镉
含量呈中等潜在生态风险程度；铅、铜、镍均呈轻微潜在生态风险程度；4 种重金属元素综合生态风险指
数小于 150，属于轻微程度。总的来说，研究区存在一定程度的潜在生态风险，有必要进行定期的森林土
壤污染监测。 |
| 关键词: 森林土壤 空间分布特征 重金属污染 潜在生态风险 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省省级财政专项资金“林地土壤调查”；广东省林业科技计划项目“广东省梅州市森林土壤调查”（2019-07）；广东省生态公益林效益补偿专项“广东省生态公益林可持续经营研究与示范” |
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| Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Forest Soil: A Case Study in Coastal Areas of South China |
|
TAN Lin1, XIAO Lina2, JIANG Yao2, ZHANG Zhongrui2
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1.Guangdong provincial forestry science and technology extension station,Guangzhou;2.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/ Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the spatial distribution and pollution of heavy metals in forest soils, Kriging
interpolation method was used, in some selected typical forest soils in coastal areas of south China, to analyze
the spatial distribution characteristics of the common heavy metal elements in soil, like cadmium, lead, copper,
nickel. By using single factor and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index as well as potential ecological risk
index method, this study assessed the degrees of soil heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks. The
results showed that the content of lead in the study areas was high, which exceeded the risk screening value of 70 mg/kg stipulated by the soil pollution risk control standard. The contents of cadmium, copper and nickel were
all within the risk screening value. In terms of spatial distribution characteristics, Pb content increased gradually
from southwest to northeast, Ni and Cd content decreased gradually from southwest to northeast, and Cu content
decreased gradually from west to east, nevertheless, the overall changes were of moderate variation. The pollution
degree evaluation showed that the single factor pollution index of lead was greater than 1, indicating a light
pollution. The single factor pollution index of Cd, Cu and Ni was all smaller than 1. The content of heavy metals
did not exceed the standard. Nemerow comprehensive pollution index is 0.945, and comprehensive pollution level
reached the warning line. The potential ecological risk assessment showed that cadmium content in the study area
hit a medium level of potential ecological risk. Lead, copper and nickel content in soils all showed slight potential
ecological risk. The comprehensive ecological risk index of the four heavy metal elements is less than 150,
indicating slight ecological risk. Generally speaking, there is a certain degree of potential ecological risk in the
studied areas, and it is necessary to perform regular monitoring of forest soil pollution there. |
| Key words: forest soil spatial distribution characteristics heavy metal pollution potential ecological risk |
