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乳阳林场杉木林物种多样性分析
李超荣,高艳芳,刘志发,谢 威,连辉明,安伟莉,邱文霞,殷祚云
1.广东南岭国家级自然保护区管理局;2.仲恺农业工程学院;3.广东省林业科学研究院/广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;4.广东省林业科学研 究院 / 广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;5.中国科学院华南植物园;6.广东尚善环境建设有限公司
摘要:
粤北有大面积的杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata 林划归生态公益林，亟待进行本土化林分改 造。基于广东省乳阳林场 3 个小班调查数据，分析林班群落演替规律及土壤养分现状，供粤北杉木人 工林近自然化林分改造参考。结果表明：（1）林班整体物种丰富度为 68 种；林班整体乔木层 ShannonWiener 多样性和均匀性指数分别是 2.4~3.5、0.6~0.8；林班整体乔木层 Simpson 多样性和均匀性指数分别 是 0.5~0.8、0.6~0.9。（2）就木本层和灌 - 草层而言，各物种多样性指数和均匀度指数较相近，且 3 个小 班共有种为 5 种，以杉木、牡荆 Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia、盐肤木 Rhus chinensis 占优。（3）土壤 pH 值处于 4.5~6.5 之间，均呈弱酸性。3 个小班土壤有机质、全磷、全钾、有效磷含量差异显著。在保留原 有优势树种的基础上，辅施有机肥，引入乡土阔叶树种并仿造天然林进行更新改造，有利于快速形成稳 定可持续的近自然林。
关键词:  乳阳  杉木林  物种多样性
DOI：
分类号:
基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2020B020215001），广东省教育厅省级重大项目（2016KZDXM002）。
Species Diversity Analysis of Chinese Fir Forest in Ruyang Forest Farm
LI Chaorong1, gaoyanfang2, LIU Zhifa3, xiewei4, LIAN Huiming5, anweili4,6, qiuwenxia7, yinzuoyun4
1.Guangdong Nanling National Nature Reserve;2.Zhongkai college of agricultural engineering;3.Guangdong academy of forestry;4.Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering;5.Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Silvicuture, Protection and Utilization;6.South China botanical garden, Chinese academy of sciences;7.Guangdong shangshan environmental construction co. LTD
Abstract:
 A large area of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests in northern Guangdong are classified as ecological public welfare forest, which needs to be transformed locally. Based on the survey data of 3 forest regioncompartments in Ruyang Forest Farm, Guangdong province. The succession law of forest community and the status of soil nutrients were analyzed, which could be used as a reference for the near naturalization of C.lanceolata forest. The results showed that (1) The species richness of compartment was68，the DSW, ESW of tree layer were 2.4-3.5、0.6-0.8,the DSim and ESim of tree layer were 0.5-0.8、0.6-0.9, respectively. (2) For woody layer and shrub-grass layer, the diversity index and evenness index of each species were similar, and there were 5 species in the 3 classes, with C. lanceolata, Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia and Rhus chinensis dominant. (3)The pH values of soil of the study forest regioncompartments ranged from 4.5 to 6.5, and they were all weakly acidic. The contents of organic matter, total P, total K and available P were significantly different among the three forest regioncompartments. On the basis of retaining the original dominant tree species, applying organic fertilizer, introducing local broad-leaved tree species and imitating natural forest for regeneration and transformation. It is conducive to the rapid formation of stable and sustainable near natural forest.
Key words:  Ruyang  Cunninghamia lanceolata forest  diversity of species