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油茶人工授粉研究
张应中1, 王明怀1, 徐煲铧1, 梁瑞友2, 刘伟新2, 卢绍强2, 吕宇宙2
1.广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室/广东省林业科学研究院;2.韶关市曲江区国有小坑林场
摘要:
在广东省韶关市曲江区国有小坑林场开展普通油茶人工授粉、自花授粉试验，同时开展去袋 方式试验和油茶 Camellia oleifera 人工授粉方法—吸管套柱法应用观测。研究结果表明，所有试验杂交组 合平均座果率为 34.8%。相同生物学类型单株间杂交，其座果率较低；不同类型单株间杂交组合，其平均 座果率为 39.8%；自花授粉座果率极低，多数为 0。人工授粉后一周完全去袋是可行的。简便易操作的吸 管套柱法可在广东油茶人工授粉中推广应用。
关键词:  普通油茶  人工授粉  杂交  自交  去袋  套柱
DOI：
分类号:
基金项目:广东省省级科技计划项目“广东省本土优质高产油茶良种选育研究”(2015B020202002)；“油茶种质资源收集、评价与利用”(2014A020208043)；广东省林业科技创新专项资金项目“油茶良种选育、无公害栽培技术研究与示范”(2013KJCX009-01)。
Study on the Artificial Pollination of Camellia oleifera
ZHANG Yingzhong1, WANG Minghuai1, XU Baohua1, LIANG Ruiyou2, LIU Weixin2, LU Shaoqiang2, LV Yuzhou2
1.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization/Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou;2.Xiaokeng State-owned Forestry Farm,Shaoguan
Abstract:
The technologies of artificial pollination were used on Camellia oleifera Abel. in Xiaokeng Forest Farm, Guangdong. Such as the control pollination test by artificial hybridization, the self-pollination test, different remove bag methods contrast test, and the application observation of artificial pollination method -- Straw-setstigma. The results showed that the average fruit set percentage of plant artificial hybridization among the same type was 34.8%, and it was 39.8% among the different type. the fruit set percentage of self-pollination was extremely low, merely to 0. Completely removed the bag one week after artificial pollination was feasible. Strawset-stigma is simple and easy to operate, and this method is worthy of vigorously application.
Key words:  Camellia oleifera Abel.  control pollination  hybridize  selfing  remove bag  straw-set-stigma