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| 农林废弃物基质对杜鹃红山茶苗期生长的影响 |
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朱报著,杨会肖,潘文,徐斌,廖焕琴,王裕霞,张卫华,杨晓慧,徐放
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广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州,广东省林业科学研究院;广东省森林培育和保护利用重点实验室 广东 广州
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| 摘要: |
| 以椰糠 (Cocos nucifera)、水稻 (Oryza sativa) 秸秆、玉米（Zea mays）秸秆等为原料，按
照不同体积比配制成 19 种混配基质，并以黄心土为对照，对各基质的理化性质及基质中杜鹃红山茶
（Camellia azalea）苗的生长状况进行研究，运用生长量多重比较和 pearson 相关性分析等方法对不同基质
的育苗效果进行综合评价。结果表明：杜鹃红山茶经过 9 个月不同基质处理栽培，20 种栽培基质的容重、
总孔隙度分别为 0.548~0.972 g·cm-3、49.02%~67.06%，pH 为 4.18~7.61，各基质的有机质含量、全 N 含量
和有效 P 含量分别为 6.32~57.2 g·kg-1、0.322~2.760 g·kg-1、33.1~129.0 mg·kg-1；不同农林废弃物基质对杜
鹃红山茶苗高、冠幅和叶绿素相对含量（SPAD 值）生长量存在显著影响；苗高和冠幅与容重、全 N 含
量、有效 P 含量、EC、CEC 等呈正相关，与总孔隙度、pH、有机质、速效 K 等呈负相关，杜鹃红山茶
苗期适合在土壤容重较大，总孔隙度和 pH 较小，有机质含量较低，全 N 含量、有效 P 含量、EC、CEC
较高的土壤基质中生长。综合评价结果显示：处理 M11（黄心土∶菇渣的比例为 3 ∶ 2）和 M07( 黄心
土∶珍珠岩的比例为 3 ∶ 2) 的综合生长值分别比对照大 11.83% 以上，容重分别比对照小 25.13% 以上，
建议 2 种基质为杜鹃红山茶育苗的首选基质。 |
| 关键词: 农林废弃物 栽培基质 理化性质 苗期 杜鹃红山茶 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目(2016A020206001) |
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| Effects of Agroforestry Waste Matter on the Growth of Camellia azalea Seedlings |
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(ZHU Baozhu,YANG Huixiao,LIAO Hanqin,PAN Wen,XU Bin,WANG Yuxia,ZHANG WeiHua,YANG Xiaohui and XU Fang
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou,Guangdong Academy of Forestry;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou
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| Abstract: |
| A total of 19 kinds of mixed substrates were prepared according to different volume ratios
using Cocos nucifera, rice (Oryza sativa) straw, corn (Zea mays) straw, etc.as raw materials, and the physical
and chemical properties of each substrate were compared with yellow soil. The growth and status of Camellia
azalea seedlings were compared in nature and in the matrix. The effects of different substrate on growth were
evaluated by multiple comparisons and pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that after the Camellia
azalea seedlings cultivated in different substrates for 9 months,the substrates bulk density and total porosity of the
20 cultivated substrates were 0.548~0.972 g·cm-3 and 49.02%~67.06% respectively, and the pH was 4.18~7.61.
The content of organic matter, total N and effective P of the substrate were 6.32~57.2 g·kg-1, 0.322~2.760 g·kg-1,and 33.1~129.0 mg·kg-1, respectively. There was a significant difference in Camellia azalea seedling height,
crown width and chlorophyll relative content (SPAD value) on different agricultural and forestry waste matrices.
Seedling height and crown width were positively correlated with substrates bulk density, total N content, effective
P content, EC, CEC, etc., and total porosity, pH, organic matter. There was a negative correlation between
available K and so on. Camellia azalea was suitable for growth in soil matrix with large soil bulk density, low
total porosity and pH, low organic matter content, and full N content, effective P content, high EC and CEC. The
comprehensive evaluation results showed that the comprehensive growth values of M11 (yellow soil : mushroom
residue=3 : 2) and M07 (yellow soil : perlite=3 : 2) were 11.38% larger than the control, and the bulk density was
25.13% smaller than the control. Above all, it is suggested that the two substrates are the preferred substrates for
the cultivation of Camellia azalea. |
| Key words: agricultural and forestry waste cultivation substrate physicochemical properties seedling stage Camellia azalea |
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