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| 广州市石门伯乐树群落特征 |
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崔杰,王美娜,莫志安,张荣京,陈红锋
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广州市石门国家森林公园管理处,中国科学院华南植物园,广州市石门国家森林公园管理处,华南农业大学生命科学学院,中国科学院华南植物园
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| 摘要: |
| 伯乐树（Bretschneidera sinensis）为我国Ⅰ级重点保护植物，研究其种群及所在群落特征，对揭示其濒危机制及保护有重要意义。根据样方调查，对广州市石门国家森林公园伯乐树所在群落的种类组成、种群结构、群落外貌及特征进行分析。结果表明，在1 200 m2 的样地中，有维管植物76 种，隶属于44 科65 属，其中以热带性分布属占明显优势，所占比例为84.91%；群落分层明显，外貌终年常绿。生活型以中高位芽为主，占29.0%；按照Raunkiaer 的频度等级定律，A 级频度值为65.8；年龄结构不完整，大树、幼苗数量极少；植株多出现在沟谷旁斜坡的林缘或林窗，在群落演替过程中处于劣势地位。结实母株少、幼苗成活率低是制约伯乐树种群发展壮大的主要限制因子。为有效保护伯乐树，应加强伯乐树生物学、生态学特性和繁殖技术的研究。 |
| 关键词: 伯乐树 种群结构 保护策略 石门森林公园 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学(31570337,31170196)。 |
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| Community Features and Conservation Strategies of Bretschneidera sinensis in Shimen Forest Park of Guangdong Province |
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Cui Jie,Wang Mei-na,Mo Zhi-an,Zhang Rong-jing and CHEN Hong-feng
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Shimen National Forest Park Management Office of Guangzhou,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization,South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shimen National Forest Park Management Office of Guangzhou,College of Life Science,South China Agriculture University,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization,South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Bretschneidera sinensis, a rare and endangered deciduous tree endemic to China, was listed as Category Ⅰ in the Statute of Protection of Wild Plants in China. The essential factors of endangered mechanism were poorly understood, particularly in its present status in the field. The species composition and community characteristics of the B. sinensis in Shimen National Forest Park of Guangzhou city were studied based on community investigation. The results showed that 76 species in 65 genera and 44 families of vascularplants were found in 12 plots of 1 200 m2, and most species belonged to tropical genera (84.91% of the total). The vertical structure was clear. The physiognomy of the community was evergreen all the year round. The life form was
dominated by mephanerophytes(29.0%). A-level frequency was the most important composition with 65.8% by Raunkiaer’s frequency law. The population age structure was incomplete and saplings, old flowering trees were scarce. The habitat of B. sinensis was restricted in forest edge and forest gaps of the hillside next to valleys, it was in an inferior position in the interspecies competition. The scarcity of flowering individuals and few seedling recruitments of B. sinensis were main factors of population regeneration. Therefore, it is crucial to enlarge its populations and increasing knowledge of biological and ecological characteristics. |
| Key words: Bretschneidera sinensis community features conservation strategies Shimen Forest Park |
