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| 14种速生桉木材对家白蚁天然抗蛀性的室内测试 |
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何雪香,彭仕尧,曹永建,谢桂军,张燕君,陈文平
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广东省林业科学研究院；广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,国营雷州林业局林业科学研究所,广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;广东省林业科学研究院,广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室;广东省林业科学研究院,广东省林业科学研究院；广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,国营雷州林业局林业科学研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 文章通过单项选择法和双向选择法对 14 种速生桉人工林心材的抗家白蚁（Coptotermes
formosanus）蛀蚀性进行室内测试 , 比较各种桉树心材被白蚁蛀蚀程度及质量损失率，以评价各种桉
树木材对家白蚁的抗蚁蛀性能。单项选择测试结果表明，不同桉树心材抵抗家白蚁的蛀蚀能力有很
大差异， 20 a 生韦塔桉（Eucalyptus wetarensis）和 14 a 生细叶桉（E.tereticornis）心材对家白蚁的天
然抗蛀性最强，平均质量损失率均小于 10%，属于轻微蛀蚀等级； 50 a 生窿缘桉（E. exserta）和 40
a 生柠檬桉（E.citriodora）次之，平均质量损失率在 10%~20%, 属于轻度至中度蚁蛀等级； 8 a 生巨桉
（E.grandis）的抗蚁蛀性能最差，平均质量损失率大于 50%，属于严重蛀蚀等级；其余 8 种桉树心材包
括蓝桉（E.globulus）、赤桉（E.camaldulensis）、粗皮桉（E.pellita）、托里桉（E.torelliana）、刚果 12 号
桉（E. ABL12）、 尾 叶 桉（E.urophylla）、 尾 巨 桉（E.urophylla× E.grandis） 和 尾 细 桉（E.urophylla ×
E.tereticornis），年龄为 6~28 a，平均质量损失率为 30%~40%，属于中度至严重蛀蚀等级。双向选择测试
结果表明，家白蚁对不同桉树心材有取食偏爱性， 14 种桉树心材被家白蚁取食喜好优先排序为：巨桉→
托里桉→尾细桉→蓝桉→刚果桉 12 号→粗皮桉→尾叶桉→尾巨桉→柠檬桉（28 a 生）→柠檬桉（40 a 生）→
赤桉→窿缘桉→细叶桉→韦塔按。 |
| 关键词: 桉树人工林 木材 家白蚁 天然抗蚁蛀性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:广东省林业科技创新项目“速生桉材天然耐久性及其防腐处理技术研究”(2013KJCK010-02)。 |
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| Natural Resistance of 14 fast-grown Eucalyptus Timber Species to Coptotermes Formosanus Shiraki in Laboratory |
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he xuexiang,Peng Shiyao,Cao Yongjian,Xie Guijun,Zhang Yanjun and Chen Wenping
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Guangdong Academy of Forestry；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Culture, Protection and Utilization,Forest Research Institute of Leizhou Forestry Bureau,Guangdong Academy of Forestry；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Culture, Protection and Utilization,Guangdong Academy of Forestry；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Culture, Protection and Utilization,Guangdong Academy of Forestry；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Culture, Protection and Utilization,Forest Research Institute of Leizhou Forestry Bureau
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| Abstract: |
| Natural Resistance of 14 Fast-grown Eucalyptus Timber Species to
Coptotermes Formosanus in Laboratory
HE Xuexiang1 PENG Shiyao2 CAO Yongjian1 XIE Guijun1
ZHANG Yanjun1 CHEN Wenping2
(1.Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization,
Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;2. Forest Research Institute of Leizhou Forestry Bureau,Suixi, Guangdong 524348, China.)
Abstract In recent years, Eucalyptus plantation industry was developed rapidly and becomes one of the
most important industrial timber resource in South China. In order to optimize the utilization of timber from
Eucalyptus plantation for hardwood products, like furniture, wood structure etc., it is necessary to determine the
resistance of different Eucalyptus timber species to termite Coptotermes formosanus which is one of the most
severe destructive insect pests on wood structure and buildings. Our laboratory termite test results based on both
single-choice procedure and two-choice procedure showed that: among 14 heartwood species from Eucalyptus
plantation in Guangdong and Yunan province, E.wetarensis, E.tereticornis, E. exserta and two E.citriodora
heartwood, from more than 14 years old mature plantation, were niblely or slightly attacked by termite, and
belonged to strong resistant or moderately resistant to termite; E.grandis heartwood from 8 years old immature
plantation was very severely attacked by termite, and belonged to very sensitive to termite; other 8 heartwood
species, including 4 species from 6~8 years old immature Eucalyptus plantation and 4 from 14~25 years mature
Eucalyptus plantation, were severely attacked by termite and belonged to lowly resistant to termite. The termite
C.formosanus has preference on feeding different Eucalyptus timber species. E.grandis was the favorite timber
for termite while E.wetarensis was the least favorite one. The feeding preference of termite C.formosanus on
14 kinds of Eucalyptus heartwood is as following: E.grandis → E.torelliana → E.urophylla ×E.tereticornis →
E.globulus → E.ABL12 → E. pellita → E.urophylla → E.urophylla× E.grandis → E. citriodora（twenty-eightyear-old）→ E.citriodora（forty-year-old）→ E.camaldulensis → E. exserta → E.tereticornis → E.wetarensis.
Key words Eucalyptus plantation; timber; termite; Coptermes formosanus; natural terimte resistance;
feeding preference |
| Key words: Eucalyptus plantation timber termite Coptermes formosanus natural terimte resistance |
