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| 香港人工林改造对林下植物自然更新 和物种多样性的早期影响 |
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叶永昌,张浩,陈葵仙,洪文君,刘颂颂,莫罗坚
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东莞市林业科学研究所,香港高等科技教育学院 中国香港,东莞市林业科学研究所,华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,东莞市林业科学研究所,东莞市林业科学研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 香港人工林在保护香港自然环境起着重要作用，但绝大多数人工林为人工纯林，生态系统较为脆弱。人工林的改造对于增加林地生物多样性及提升人工林的生态服务功能具有重要意义。本研究选取20 a生的尾叶桉（Eucalyptus urophylla）林和马占相思（Acacia mangium）林进行间伐套种处理，套种密度为1 665株/hm2；以不间伐林分为对照，比较间伐后林分的群落生物多样性及人工套种树种生长表现。结果表明，间伐 套种3 a后，与未间伐林分相比，尾叶桉间伐林分的科、属和种数分别增加了78.6%、116.7%和100%，马占相思间伐林分相反。DCA分析结果显示，群落中灌木层和草本层物种主要聚集在尾叶桉间伐林分，马占相思未间伐林分物种数次之。与未间伐相比，间伐 套种措施显著提高了尾叶桉林乔木层Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数、灌木层的物种丰富度指数和均匀度指数及草本层的丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数（P<0.05）；但马占相思间伐 套种林分的乔木层、灌木层和草本层的Shannon-Wiener指数均显著低于未间伐林分（P<0.05）；群落多样性指标总体表现为尾叶桉间伐林＞未间伐林，马占相思未间伐林＞间伐林。套种树种在尾叶桉和马占相思林分中的早期生长表现良好，树种间生长量没有明显差异。 |
| 关键词: 尾叶桉人工林 马占相思人工林 间伐 套种 物种多样性 |
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| Early Effect of Thinning on the Natural Regeneration and Species Diversity in Transformation of Plantations in Hong Kong |
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Ye Yongochang,Zhang Hao,Chen Kuixian,Hong Wenjun,Liu Songsong and Mo Luojian
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Forest Research Institute of Dongguan,Dongguan,Guangdong,Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China,Forest Research Institute of Dongguan,Dongguan,Guangdong,College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,Forest Research Institute of Dongguan,Dongguan,Guangdong,Forest Research Institute of Dongguan,Dongguan,Guangdong
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| Abstract: |
| Hong Kong plantations play an important role in protecting natural environment. However, as most plantations are pure artificial forest in Hong Kong, which has frangible ecosystem. Thinning is of great significance for the increase of species diversity and the improvement of ecological service in plantations. In this paper, a thinning experiment was conducted Eucalyptus urophylla and Acacia mangium plantations, with interplanting with a density of 1665trees / m2, and the un-treated plantations were served as the control. We investigated the community structure, species diversity and growth after the thinning. The results showed that the number of families, genus and tree species of Eucalyptus urophylla plantation were significantly increased by 78.6%, 116.7% and 100% respectively, while decreased in Acacia mangium plantation after thinning 3 years. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) ordination showed that the species of understory and herbaceous main located in the thinning stand of Eucalyptus urophylla, but the un-treated of Acacia mangium plantation had lower. Compared to the un-treated stand, the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index in the overstory, species richness index and Pielou index in the understory, species richness and Shannon-Wiener index in the herbaceous were increased by interplanted native species with thinning（P<0.05）. However, the thinning of Acacia mangium Shannon-Wiener index in the overstory, understory and herbaceous were significantly higher than un-treated stand（P<0.05）. The overall performance of community diversity index was the thinning stand of Eucalyptus urophylla higher than un-treated pure stand, while the thinning stand of Acacia mangium lower than the un-treated stand. The interplanted species of two thinning stands were growth well respectively, but no significant difference between them. |
| Key words: Eucalyptus urophylla plantation Acacia mangium plantation thinning interplanted species diversity |
