| 摘要: |
| 为了解木荷等4种人工林的枯落物水文特性，在广东省佛山市云勇林场，以木荷、杉木、藜蒴和火力楠人工林为研究对象，通过枯落物储存量调查和浸泡实验，分析枯落物持水特性，建立了枯落物持水量、吸水速率与浸泡时间的相互关系。结果表明：4种人工林林分枯落物总储存量介于2.82～10.92 t/hm2 ，杉木林最大（10.92 t/hm2 ），火力楠林最小（2.82 t/hm2 ）；最大持水量依次为：杉木林>藜蒴林>木荷林>火力楠林；最大拦蓄量介于4.16～12.93 t/hm2 ；有效拦蓄量介于2.46～8.92 t/hm2 ，依次是杉木林>藜蒴林>火力楠林>木荷林。枯落物浸泡实验表明：枯落物持水量与浸泡时间存在对数曲线关系，而吸水速率与浸泡时间则是幂函数关系。4种人工林枯落物持水率和吸水速率随时间的动态变化规律基本相似。随浸泡时间的延长，枯落物持水率呈增加趋势，在浸泡10～12 h后，持水率增幅趋于平缓；枯落物吸水速率在前2 h内变化最快，之后逐渐变缓，24 h时吸水基本停止。 |
| 关键词: 人工林〓枯落物〓持水特性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2009B020303006）。 |
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| Water holding Characteristics of Litter in Four Kinds of Plantations |
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LI Zhao qing
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| Abstract: |
| Hydrological functions of plantations litters were assessed by measuring and analyzing the litter amount, the water holding capacity, and the processes with methods of field survey and soaking extraction experiment in Yunyong plantations in Foshan. The results showed the four kinds of plantations litter amount ranged from 2.82 to 10.92 t?hm-2, with a decrease order of conifer and broadleaf mixed forest,followed by Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, Schima superba plantation, Castanopsis fissa plantation, Michelia macclurel plantation. The maximum water holding volume of four kinds of plantations litter ranged from 6.27 to 26.52 t?hm-2 with the highest value in the Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, followed by Castanopsis fissa plantation, S. superba plantation, M. macclurel plantation. The mixed interception amount and the effective interception amount showed similar trends with values from 4.16 to 12.93 t?hm-2 , and 2.46 to 8.92 t?hm-2 respectively with the highest value in the Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, followed by Castanopsis fissa plantation, M. macclurel plantation, S. superba plantation. We found that the water holding rate increased logarithmically with soaking time, while the water absorption rate showed an power function with soaking time. The dynamic changes of the water holding rate and the water absorption rate were generally similar of four kinds of plantations litter. The water holding rates of litters increased with prolong of soaking time, and leveled off after 10 to 12 hours. The water absorption rates decreased sharply during the first 2 hours, then decreased gradually and fell to zero after 24 hours. |
| Key words: plantations, litter, water holding Characteristics |
